Educability, Social Inequality, and Cultural Diversity: An Analysis from the Sociological Perspective of Néstor López

Abstract

The article, the result of ongoing bibliographic research, addresses educability from the sociological perspective of Néstor López. He argues that educability is not inherent to individuals, but depends on the interaction between the conditions students bring with them and the expectations of the school. The analysis highlights two fundamental gaps that affect educability: the economic gap, related to material inequalities and family support, and the cultural gap, linked to identity differences and the treatment they receive within the educational system.López proposes that both the family and the State play key roles in creating the necessary conditions for educability. The State must ensure resources and social welfare, while schools should adapt their expectations and pedagogical practices to the realities of students, rather than expecting them to conform to the "ideal student".