Sistema renina-angiotensina en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.22529/me.2025.10(3)02Mots-clés :
sistema renina-angiotensina, enfermedad de Alzheimer, cerebro, hipertensiónRésumé
La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa caracterizada por la acumulación de depósitos de amiloide β e hiperfosforilación de la proteína Tau. Sin embargo, en los últimos años numerosas evidencias demuestran que alteraciones vasculares relacionadas con la edad y factores de riesgo cardiovascular contribuyen significativamente al desarrollo de EA. En este contexto, las drogas cuyo blanco terapéutico es el sistema renina-angiotensina (SRA), utilizadas ampliamente en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial, han demostrado un alto potencial en retrasar el desarrollo de EA debido a su acción sobre el SRA cerebral. En la EA, el eje presor ECA/Ang II/RAT1 del SRA está sobreactivado y es responsable del estrés oxidativo, neuroinflamación, aumento en la permeabilidad de la barrear hemato-encefálica, disfunción de astrocitos y disminución del flujo sanguíneo cerebral que ocurren en la EA. En concordancia, estudios retrospectivos han demostrado un riesgo reducido de desarrollar EA en aquellos sujetos bajo tratamiento con bloqueantes del SRA. Este artículo se focaliza en la relación entre el SRA y la EA.Téléchargements
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