nuestro caso, un infiltrado linfoplasmocitario sutil
de IgG4 solo demostrado por la biopsia hepática.
3
Los hallazgos del sedimento urinario en nuestro
paciente fueron sugestivos de nefritis
tubulointersticial, que se produce en el 30% de los
pacientes con ER-IgG4.
4
El diagnóstico tiene tres pilares: radiológico
(masas en uno o más órganos), serológico (IgG4
con valores superiores o iguales a 135 mg/Dl) e
histológico (fibrosis, infiltrado linfoplasmocitario
o más de 10 células plasmáticas IgG4 (+) por
campo, con una relación IgG4/IgG total superior al
40%).
5
En nuestro caso, el criterio serológico no se
cumplió, sin embargo, este es el menos sensible,
ya que hasta el 10-30% de los pacientes con ER-
IgG4 pueden presentar esta inmunoglobulina
dentro rango normal.
6
Introduction:
IgG4 related disease (ER-IgG4) is a rare, systemic,
fibro-inflammatory disease with characteristic
histopathological findings in ffected organs1.
.
Clinical case:
This is a 39-year-old asymptomatic male patient
with a history of hypothyroidism who consults for
his regular health checkup. The laboratory tests
showed anemia with a hemoglobin of 11.7g/dL
and creatinine of 2.8mg/dL. The 24-hour urine
showed proteinuria of 3000 mg. A computed
tomography scan showed the presence of an
enlarged right kidney and a nodular image of 2.6
cm x 1.8 cm with irregular borders compressing
the proximal ureter. A pig tail was placed and a
biopsy sample was obtained through an
exploratory laparotomy. The histology was
compatible with retroperitoneal fibrosis with a
large lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate.
The alkaline phosphatase and gammaglutamil
transpepidase gradually increased reaching values
of 1328u/i and 345u/I respectively. The
proteinogram showed increased gamma globulins
of 1.46mg/dl, with a total IgG of 1715mg/dL; IgG4
was within normal limits. A hepatic biopsy was
performed which also demonstrated
lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Upon suspicion of
systemic IgG4 disease, an immunohistochemistry
was requested in both biopsies samples which
showed IgG4 positive immunoblotting (Figure).
The patient was started with
decreasing doses of meprednisone. Three months
later, all the laboratory pramenters were within
normal limits.
Figure 1. Les techniques immunohistochimiques
démontrent Ac. anticorps monoclonal pour IgG
positif dans les cellules plasmatiques de la lésion
et Ac. monoclonal pour l'IgG4 positive
Conclusion:
Although the initial presentation of the ER-IgG4
may be non-specific o rather suggest other more
common diseases, we have found no cases in the
literature of ER-IgG4 diagnosed in asymptomatic
patients. The most frequent affected sites are the
pancreatic and salivary glands as well as lymph
nodes. Renal, aortic, retroperitoneal and
pulmonary involvement are frequently described.
2
At the liver level, patients may present with
inflammatory pseudotumors, sclerosing
cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, or, as in our
case, with a subtle lymphoplasmacytic IgG4
infiltrate only demonstrated by the liver biopsy
3
The urinary sediment findings in our patient was
suggestive of tubulointerstitial nephritis, which
occurs in 30% of patients with ER-IgG4.
4
The diagnosis of ER-IgG4 has three pillars: the
radiological (masses in one or more organs), the
serological (the elevation of IgG4 with values
greater than or equal to 135 mg/dL) and the
histological (fibrosis, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate
or the presence of more than 10 IgG4 (+) plasma
cells per field, with a total IgG4 /IgG ratio greater
than 40%)
5
In our case, the serological criterion was not
fulfilled in this case, however this is the least
sensitive criterion, since up to 10-30% of the
patients with ER-IgG4 may present with this
immunoglobulin within normal range.
6
.
Bibliografía:
1- Stone, J. H. IgG4 related disease: nomenclature,
clinical features, and treatment. Semin. Diagn.
Pathol 2012; 29: 177–190.
2- Inoue D, Yoshida K, Yoneda N, Ozaki K,
Matsubara T, Nagai K, et al. IgG4- related disease:
Dataset of 235 consecutive patients. Medicine
(Baltimore) 2015; 94: e680